1
00:00:00,125 --> 00:00:06,125
[LTA intro music]

2
00:00:11,078 --> 00:00:16,336
LiveTextAccess. Training
for real-time intralingual subtitlers.

3
00:00:17,375 --> 00:00:20,625
This is Unit 1.
Understanding accessibility.

4
00:00:20,926 --> 00:00:24,102
Element 2. Target users and their needs.

5
00:00:25,477 --> 00:00:30,664
This video lecture shows the first part
of an interview with Peter Vanhoutte,

6
00:00:31,094 --> 00:00:34,140
a member of the Deaf-Blind community
from Belgium.

7
00:00:34,844 --> 00:00:40,398
He gives us insights about deafblindness
and its impact to the person.

8
00:00:41,133 --> 00:00:43,164
My name is Piero Cavallo

9
00:00:43,465 --> 00:00:47,617
from the Internationale Hochschule
SDI München, in Germany.

10
00:00:48,125 --> 00:00:52,438
I have prepared this video lecture
in collaboration with Rocío Bernabé Caro,

11
00:00:52,742 --> 00:00:54,453
also from SDI München,

12
00:00:54,754 --> 00:00:58,703
and the European Federation
of Hard of Hearing, in short, EFHOH.

13
00:00:59,609 --> 00:01:01,680
On completion of the training sequence,

14
00:01:02,008 --> 00:01:05,125
you will be able to explain
the needs and preferences

15
00:01:05,426 --> 00:01:10,281
of the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing,
Late-Deafened, and Deaf-Blind community.

16
00:01:11,172 --> 00:01:12,773
The agenda is very short.

17
00:01:13,359 --> 00:01:16,422
First, I am going to introduce
Peter Vanhoutte.

18
00:01:16,953 --> 00:01:20,421
Then, I will illustrate
the topics of the interview.

19
00:01:21,211 --> 00:01:24,359
Please note,
that the interview has two parts.

20
00:01:24,836 --> 00:01:27,688
This is the first part of the interview.

21
00:01:29,008 --> 00:01:32,086
Finally, we will end this video lecture
with a summary.

22
00:01:32,796 --> 00:01:35,867
First of all,
let me introduce you Peter Vanhoutte.

23
00:01:36,484 --> 00:01:38,461
Peter Vanhoutte is from Belgium.

24
00:01:38,922 --> 00:01:41,672
He refers to himself as deafblind.

25
00:01:42,313 --> 00:01:44,617
He has medium long, grey hair.

26
00:01:45,086 --> 00:01:47,242
He wears a shirt and a sweater.

27
00:01:47,781 --> 00:01:52,734
He is on the board of the Flemish
association of deafblind people,

28
00:01:53,035 --> 00:01:55,625
called “Anna Timmerman association”.

29
00:01:56,578 --> 00:02:00,468
He is also on the board
of the European DeafBlind Union,

30
00:02:00,769 --> 00:02:02,797
in short EDBU.

31
00:02:04,125 --> 00:02:05,804
Let me give you some information

32
00:02:06,105 --> 00:02:08,563
before watching
the first part of the video.

33
00:02:09,836 --> 00:02:14,148
In this video,
Peter recorded himself with a webcam,

34
00:02:14,449 --> 00:02:18,180
while he answers some questions
that we sent to him before.

35
00:02:19,094 --> 00:02:24,078
Peter speaks in Flemish, which is one
of the languages spoken in Belgium.

36
00:02:24,750 --> 00:02:27,055
The video has English subtitles.

37
00:02:28,273 --> 00:02:30,523
In this first part of the interview,

38
00:02:30,824 --> 00:02:33,703
Peter talks about what is deafblindness

39
00:02:34,004 --> 00:02:38,593
and the differences between the groups
of persons that make up the community.

40
00:02:40,039 --> 00:02:42,382
Then, he talks about the impact

41
00:02:42,683 --> 00:02:45,938
that deafblindness has
in different contexts,

42
00:02:46,239 --> 00:02:49,117
such as in communication, in mobility,

43
00:02:49,418 --> 00:02:51,969
and in gathering
and processing information.

44
00:02:52,742 --> 00:02:57,422
Then, Peter addresses to the issues
that a deafblind person could have,

45
00:02:57,992 --> 00:03:00,438
for example in organising things.

46
00:03:01,250 --> 00:03:06,188
Finally, Peter talks about the different
possibilities for interpreters

47
00:03:06,489 --> 00:03:09,641
to provide accessibility
to a deaf-blind person.

48
00:03:11,320 --> 00:03:14,563
Ok, let’s watch
the first part of the video now!

49
00:03:22,584 --> 00:03:23,600
Hello.

50
00:03:24,521 --> 00:03:29,748
I am going to talk about
deaf blindness and text interpreters.

51
00:03:31,521 --> 00:03:34,209
But first I'm going
to introduce myself.

52
00:03:35,225 --> 00:03:37,459
I am Peter Vanhoutte.

53
00:03:38,506 --> 00:03:40,303
I am from Belgium.

54
00:03:42,334 --> 00:03:45,771
As a child,
I was heavily visually impaired.

55
00:03:48,373 --> 00:03:52,170
I have learned to speak
like all other children.

56
00:03:52,896 --> 00:03:54,740
By imitating my mother.

57
00:03:56,717 --> 00:04:01,240
I have learned Braille
in the school for the blind in Brugge.

58
00:04:02,881 --> 00:04:06,857
As a teenager, I gradually became deaf.

59
00:04:07,935 --> 00:04:10,178
Now I am deafblind.

60
00:04:11,873 --> 00:04:17,624
I am on the board of the Flemish
association of deafblind people.

61
00:04:18,264 --> 00:04:21,394
Which is called
the Anna Timmerman association.

62
00:04:22,123 --> 00:04:25,753
And I am also on the board of EDBU.

63
00:04:26,553 --> 00:04:29,482
That is the European DeafBlind Union.

64
00:04:33,748 --> 00:04:35,920
What is deafblindness?

65
00:04:37,381 --> 00:04:41,256
Deafblindness is a specific disability.

66
00:04:42,998 --> 00:04:47,123
It is more than the sum
of being deaf plus being blind.

67
00:04:49,209 --> 00:04:51,326
Solutions for deaf people

68
00:04:51,725 --> 00:04:55,631
or for blind people
are not always sufficient.

69
00:04:57,006 --> 00:04:59,834
For example, when watching television.

70
00:05:04,748 --> 00:05:08,756
For deaf and hard of hearing
there is subtitling.

71
00:05:09,881 --> 00:05:15,279
For the blind and visually impaired
there is audio description.

72
00:05:17,506 --> 00:05:20,912
When you can't read
the subtitling anymore

73
00:05:22,662 --> 00:05:25,929
and you can't hear
the audio description anymore,

74
00:05:26,537 --> 00:05:31,818
then you can only watch television
together with a deafblind interpreter.

75
00:05:35,123 --> 00:05:39,123
Another example is an alarm clock.

76
00:05:41,592 --> 00:05:46,607
The blind use speech
to set the alarm clock.

77
00:05:47,482 --> 00:05:50,045
And sound to wake up.

78
00:05:52,623 --> 00:05:57,420
Deaf can use their eyes
to do the setup.

79
00:05:58,357 --> 00:06:01,967
And use light flashes to wake up.

80
00:06:04,389 --> 00:06:06,975
Deafblind need an alarm clock

81
00:06:07,788 --> 00:06:11,155
that you can setup by touch.

82
00:06:11,725 --> 00:06:15,717
And a vibrating pillow to wake up.

83
00:06:21,233 --> 00:06:24,608
Traffic and moving around

84
00:06:25,295 --> 00:06:27,572
for deaf people,
that is no problem.

85
00:06:27,873 --> 00:06:31,545
Because they can use a bicycle or a car.

86
00:06:33,467 --> 00:06:37,910
Blind and visually impaired
can easily ask for help

87
00:06:38,211 --> 00:06:39,748
from people in the street.

88
00:06:41,545 --> 00:06:47,521
Deafblind people almost always
need an assistant.

89
00:06:54,396 --> 00:06:57,756
Then, for communication.

90
00:06:58,959 --> 00:07:02,225
For blind people
speaking is not a problem.

91
00:07:03,326 --> 00:07:06,678
Deaf people can see people are speaking.

92
00:07:07,045 --> 00:07:10,100
And can ask what people
are talking about.

93
00:07:11,646 --> 00:07:17,521
Deafblind people sometimes
don't even know there is a conversation.

94
00:07:25,771 --> 00:07:29,053
Deafblindness is a combination.

95
00:07:30,318 --> 00:07:36,232
Deafblindness is a combination
of audiological and visual impairments.

96
00:07:36,835 --> 00:07:40,279
And there is no possibility
of compensation.

97
00:07:41,357 --> 00:07:45,592
It is about people
with a visual impairment

98
00:07:46,904 --> 00:07:52,451
who don't have the possibility
to compensate in an auditive way.

99
00:07:53,217 --> 00:07:56,951
Because they also have
auditive limitations.

100
00:07:59,060 --> 00:08:02,428
And people with auditive limitations

101
00:08:02,834 --> 00:08:06,990
who don't have the possibility
to compensate visually

102
00:08:07,396 --> 00:08:10,279
because they also have
visual limitations.

103
00:08:18,373 --> 00:08:22,022
At the moment you don't see well,

104
00:08:22,701 --> 00:08:26,036
you will start to use your hearing
in a better way.

105
00:08:26,537 --> 00:08:29,545
But if there are also problems
with that,

106
00:08:29,857 --> 00:08:32,529
then you speak of deafblindness.

107
00:08:33,764 --> 00:08:35,970
People who don't hear well

108
00:08:36,271 --> 00:08:39,721
compensate that by watching.

109
00:08:40,513 --> 00:08:44,122
But if watching doesn't work well,

110
00:08:44,864 --> 00:08:47,568
then you speak of deafblindness.

111
00:08:50,974 --> 00:08:55,536
There is a description of deafblindness,

112
00:08:56,035 --> 00:09:01,224
approved by the European Parliament
in 2004.

113
00:09:03,044 --> 00:09:06,927
The description is functional
and not medical.

114
00:09:08,997 --> 00:09:12,294
Deafblindness is a special impairment.

115
00:09:12,614 --> 00:09:18,114
That is, a combination of visual
and auditive impairments.

116
00:09:18,482 --> 00:09:23,403
Which leads to problems
with access to information,

117
00:09:23,704 --> 00:09:26,435
communication, and mobility.

118
00:09:29,763 --> 00:09:35,552
So not all deafblind persons
are completely deaf

119
00:09:35,853 --> 00:09:37,529
and completely blind.

120
00:09:38,239 --> 00:09:45,759
An estimation is that only 5%
of the deafblind

121
00:09:46,060 --> 00:09:49,912
are completely deaf
and completely blind.

122
00:09:50,773 --> 00:09:54,218
15% are blind

123
00:09:56,914 --> 00:09:58,679
and hard of hearing.

124
00:09:59,991 --> 00:10:03,359
20% are deaf and visually impaired.

125
00:10:03,873 --> 00:10:09,873
And more than 50% are hard of hearing
and visually impaired.

126
00:10:15,304 --> 00:10:19,796
The group of deafblind is very diverse.

127
00:10:20,867 --> 00:10:24,734
Also historically and in communication.

128
00:10:28,997 --> 00:10:34,991
When I look at the moment of origin
of deafblindness.

129
00:10:35,473 --> 00:10:41,473
You can divide the group as follows.

130
00:10:42,247 --> 00:10:45,645
There is a small group of people
born deafblind.

131
00:10:47,208 --> 00:10:50,552
Besides that, there is a group of people

132
00:10:50,903 --> 00:10:54,247
who are born with a visual impairment

133
00:10:54,598 --> 00:10:57,848
and later on become deaf
or hard of hearing.

134
00:10:59,294 --> 00:11:02,383
A larger group are the people

135
00:11:02,684 --> 00:11:05,930
who are born with a hearing impairment

136
00:11:06,231 --> 00:11:09,106
and later on become blind
or visually impaired.

137
00:11:09,653 --> 00:11:14,145
Within this group,
there are mainly people with Usher.

138
00:11:15,177 --> 00:11:20,059
Those are deaf or hearing impaired
people with tunnel vision.

139
00:11:23,044 --> 00:11:26,950
Tunnel vision is tube vision.

140
00:11:30,856 --> 00:11:35,309
There are also people
who can see and hear

141
00:11:36,716 --> 00:11:40,497
who, because of an operation

142
00:11:40,874 --> 00:11:45,481
or an illness, become deafblind.

143
00:11:51,762 --> 00:11:57,762
An accident can also be
the cause of deafblindness.

144
00:11:59,661 --> 00:12:02,200
And there is also a big group

145
00:12:02,536 --> 00:12:06,887
who start to see and hear less
because of ageing.

146
00:12:10,997 --> 00:12:13,737
And then the impact

147
00:12:15,425 --> 00:12:19,738
that deafblindness has on people.

148
00:12:24,526 --> 00:12:27,073
The impact of deafblindness.

149
00:12:30,370 --> 00:12:34,353
That differs strongly
from one person to another.

150
00:12:36,587 --> 00:12:40,455
Still, there are things that reoccur.

151
00:12:43,509 --> 00:12:46,806
Deafblindness is an impactful
impairment.

152
00:12:48,228 --> 00:12:53,931
And has a great impact
on participating in daily life.

153
00:12:55,439 --> 00:12:58,751
I will describe the image
in a number of issues.

154
00:13:01,876 --> 00:13:04,962
Firstly, the communication.

155
00:13:05,263 --> 00:13:09,392
Deafblindness has big impact
on communicating.

156
00:13:09,900 --> 00:13:12,220
Communicating becomes a problem.

157
00:13:15,447 --> 00:13:18,025
Sometimes a deafblind person

158
00:13:19,783 --> 00:13:23,502
needs to learn a new way
of communication.

159
00:13:24,087 --> 00:13:29,775
Because of progressive loss of hearing
or loss of sight,

160
00:13:30,103 --> 00:13:33,619
one can't communicate like before.

161
00:13:36,736 --> 00:13:40,552
Few people in the environment adapt

162
00:13:41,267 --> 00:13:44,478
to the new needs of communicating.

163
00:13:48,720 --> 00:13:56,634
Communication remains very limited
with deafblind people.

164
00:13:57,416 --> 00:14:00,822
Only the most essential things
are being told.

165
00:14:05,212 --> 00:14:11,212
Difficult communication
leads to limited social contacts.

166
00:14:12,236 --> 00:14:16,634
For example in a park
or in an association.

167
00:14:20,642 --> 00:14:26,283
If you are going somewhere,
for example to a party,

168
00:14:27,298 --> 00:14:32,798
you almost always need
a deafblind interpreter.

169
00:14:33,494 --> 00:14:36,986
You are dependent on someone

170
00:14:37,923 --> 00:14:41,548
who describes a bit what is happening.

171
00:14:43,251 --> 00:14:47,861
You are dependent on someone
who describes what happened

172
00:14:48,162 --> 00:14:53,048
and to follow the conversation
you need an interpreter.

173
00:15:06,212 --> 00:15:07,244
Secondly.

174
00:15:08,962 --> 00:15:15,205
The mobility becomes a problem
for deafblind people.

175
00:15:16,798 --> 00:15:21,478
In their own home,
they can move around independently.

176
00:15:22,408 --> 00:15:27,244
They know where everything is
Everything has its own place.

177
00:15:28,978 --> 00:15:31,759
Familiarity is important.

178
00:15:32,619 --> 00:15:36,472
But it is more difficult
and more dangerous

179
00:15:36,884 --> 00:15:40,259
to move around traffic by yourself.

180
00:15:41,822 --> 00:15:44,205
You can't hear or see the cars.

181
00:15:45,189 --> 00:15:47,814
And you can't see traffic lights.

182
00:15:48,548 --> 00:15:54,212
So you can't see the cars
and the traffic lights.

183
00:15:56,931 --> 00:16:01,830
You are often dependent
on public transportation

184
00:16:03,595 --> 00:16:07,306
or on others to get somewhere.

185
00:16:09,392 --> 00:16:11,504
Also in a strange building,

186
00:16:11,805 --> 00:16:19,309
you need an assistant to find your way.

187
00:16:23,129 --> 00:16:29,504
In a strange building you need
an assistant to move around safely.

188
00:16:32,777 --> 00:16:36,895
During a reception or a meeting

189
00:16:39,027 --> 00:16:43,192
you will also need assistance.

190
00:16:43,871 --> 00:16:46,301
You'll need assistance

191
00:16:47,004 --> 00:16:50,551
to go to the people you want to talk to.

192
00:16:53,840 --> 00:16:59,840
Often, it happens that deafblind people
want to go somewhere

193
00:17:00,715 --> 00:17:02,832
or make an outing.

194
00:17:05,379 --> 00:17:08,207
Participate in an activity.

195
00:17:13,637 --> 00:17:19,590
So they want to go somewhere,
but they don't find anyone

196
00:17:21,317 --> 00:17:25,088
who wants to take them
or support with transportation.

197
00:17:25,574 --> 00:17:29,238
They don't find anyone
to interpret.

198
00:17:29,645 --> 00:17:33,652
That's why they are forced
to stay at home.

199
00:17:34,840 --> 00:17:36,848
Because they can't find help.

200
00:17:50,414 --> 00:17:54,031
Mobility is a very big problem.

201
00:17:55,898 --> 00:18:02,859
It is important the deafblind person
has adapted appliances at home

202
00:18:03,211 --> 00:18:05,797
for remote communication.

203
00:18:06,718 --> 00:18:12,476
Through email,
text messaging, Facebook.

204
00:18:15,711 --> 00:18:17,531
And thirdly,

205
00:18:18,750 --> 00:18:21,633
the third problem
is information.

206
00:18:22,452 --> 00:18:28,663
Gathering and processing information.

207
00:18:32,648 --> 00:18:37,062
Ears and eyes
constantly provide information.

208
00:18:38,414 --> 00:18:41,305
Deafblind people are missing those.

209
00:18:43,320 --> 00:18:48,935
As a deafblind person,
you live in an unsafe world.

210
00:18:49,445 --> 00:18:55,062
A lot happens unannounced
and unexpected.

211
00:18:55,726 --> 00:18:59,523
You have little control
over what happens.

212
00:19:00,033 --> 00:19:02,156
It is very frustrating.

213
00:19:04,273 --> 00:19:08,312
You need someone providing information

214
00:19:09,328 --> 00:19:11,257
about the situation,

215
00:19:12,163 --> 00:19:15,187
describing what is happening around us.

216
00:19:16,468 --> 00:19:22,218
So we will feel ourselves safe
in the environment we live in.

217
00:19:24,875 --> 00:19:29,570
The deafblind person also wants to know
who is there.

218
00:19:30,734 --> 00:19:36,476
So that you don't start gossiping
about the people who are nearby.

219
00:19:37,516 --> 00:19:42,311
The deafblind person wants to know
what is being said.

220
00:19:42,976 --> 00:19:48,508
And how the others react to that,
verbally and non verbally.

221
00:19:50,226 --> 00:19:53,859
When they know
what is being said

222
00:19:54,781 --> 00:19:58,539
and how others react to that,

223
00:19:58,906 --> 00:20:02,437
only then he can participate
in the conversation.

224
00:20:06,586 --> 00:20:11,203
What does the room look like?
Describe it!

225
00:20:14,898 --> 00:20:19,937
Maybe the deafblind person
can move around independently.

226
00:20:21,195 --> 00:20:26,141
Getting coffee independently,
going to the toilet independently.

227
00:20:29,484 --> 00:20:34,086
So if you describe
what the room looks like,

228
00:20:34,387 --> 00:20:37,641
then the deafblind person
feels more confident.

229
00:20:39,976 --> 00:20:45,121
The deafblind person
can move around the room

230
00:20:45,422 --> 00:20:49,086
without bumping into something
or tripping.

231
00:20:53,742 --> 00:20:56,976
Information also provides comfort.

232
00:20:58,797 --> 00:21:02,156
The deafblind person
feels himself at ease.

233
00:21:05,922 --> 00:21:09,078
And also the curiosity is stimulated.

234
00:21:09,680 --> 00:21:15,969
The deafblind person finds out about
things he wants to know more about.

235
00:21:20,609 --> 00:21:26,206
We expect from people they involve us
in what is happening

236
00:21:27,078 --> 00:21:29,844
and that they provide us
with information.

237
00:21:35,187 --> 00:21:36,839
Fourthly.

238
00:21:37,422 --> 00:21:39,476
That is organising things.

239
00:21:40,547 --> 00:21:44,062
Planning for deafblind people
is very important.

240
00:21:47,148 --> 00:21:52,187
Most of the time it is necessary
to plan ahead if you want to go out.

241
00:21:55,203 --> 00:21:57,911
You can't just go out,

242
00:21:58,383 --> 00:22:01,172
if it is not organised.

243
00:22:01,539 --> 00:22:05,781
You have to look for an interpreter
and arrange for transportation.

244
00:22:13,766 --> 00:22:16,976
Another issue is time.

245
00:22:18,812 --> 00:22:22,695
Time and energy.
Everything is going slower.

246
00:22:25,187 --> 00:22:27,672
Communicating for example.

247
00:22:29,828 --> 00:22:32,359
Everything is going slower.

248
00:22:35,297 --> 00:22:39,863
During a meeting when a joke is told,

249
00:22:40,453 --> 00:22:42,562
hearing people laugh directly.

250
00:22:43,062 --> 00:22:46,500
But the deafblind person laughs later.

251
00:22:50,531 --> 00:22:54,312
Because you are depending
on public transportation,

252
00:22:54,812 --> 00:23:00,187
also the travelling
takes much more time.

253
00:23:22,922 --> 00:23:23,930
Alright.

254
00:23:24,281 --> 00:23:30,281
Also interpretation demands more time
than for deaf people.

255
00:23:30,613 --> 00:23:34,391
You don't only interpret,
but also need to describe.

256
00:23:38,476 --> 00:23:42,469
Sometimes you have to repeat
or reformulate something.

257
00:23:42,961 --> 00:23:44,976
Give extra explanation.

258
00:23:46,922 --> 00:23:54,281
Looking for something on the Internet
is also very time consuming.

259
00:24:01,117 --> 00:24:02,937
Prepare yourself.

260
00:24:04,273 --> 00:24:09,351
Cooking something for dinner
is also time consuming.

261
00:24:11,680 --> 00:24:13,984
It also demands a lot of energy.

262
00:24:15,812 --> 00:24:18,766
It takes energy to listen

263
00:24:19,422 --> 00:24:23,318
or to decypher Braille or Lorm.

264
00:24:24,070 --> 00:24:28,094
To follow or feel the signs.

265
00:24:30,773 --> 00:24:34,489
You are tired more quickly.

266
00:24:35,864 --> 00:24:38,997
You need more breaks and rest.

267
00:24:42,786 --> 00:24:46,942
Deafblindness often is also progressive.

268
00:24:49,043 --> 00:24:55,895
Hearing is going backwards
and hearing loss is increasing.

269
00:24:58,918 --> 00:25:02,575
So you'll lose more possibilities.

270
00:25:03,231 --> 00:25:06,832
It is a continuous processing process.

271
00:25:11,567 --> 00:25:14,129
You get more and more dependent.

272
00:25:15,028 --> 00:25:17,981
You constantly have to hand over things.

273
00:25:23,364 --> 00:25:27,207
Questions arise about the future.

274
00:25:28,645 --> 00:25:31,895
Will I be able to talk to people?

275
00:25:34,606 --> 00:25:36,551
How will I move around?

276
00:25:37,200 --> 00:25:40,395
How will I keep myself busy?

277
00:25:41,348 --> 00:25:44,762
Will I be able to live independently?

278
00:25:47,543 --> 00:25:51,137
How can I be of use to the society?

279
00:25:57,550 --> 00:25:59,956
Will I find a partner?

280
00:26:01,504 --> 00:26:04,372
So a lot of questions arise.

281
00:26:14,661 --> 00:26:19,395
The deafblind needs one-on-one support.

282
00:26:22,864 --> 00:26:28,508
Having a group conversation
is impossible for us

283
00:26:28,809 --> 00:26:31,098
without individual interpreters.

284
00:26:33,543 --> 00:26:36,227
During meetings of deafblind people

285
00:26:36,528 --> 00:26:41,872
you sometimes see 5 deafblind persons
together with 5 interpreters.

286
00:26:43,660 --> 00:26:48,668
One has a text interpreter,
with the text on a screen.

287
00:26:49,900 --> 00:26:54,377
Another one has a text interpreter,
with a Braille device connected.

288
00:26:55,494 --> 00:26:58,962
A third person prefers
an oral interpreter.

289
00:27:01,556 --> 00:27:04,742
An oral interpreter is someone,

290
00:27:05,658 --> 00:27:10,416
an interpreter who repeats
the spoken word

291
00:27:10,717 --> 00:27:13,439
in a clear format.

292
00:27:15,330 --> 00:27:21,252
A fourth deafblind person uses
sign language in a small space.

293
00:27:24,025 --> 00:27:28,127
A fifth uses tactile sign language.

294
00:27:37,048 --> 00:27:40,673
Yes, and another issue is stress.

295
00:27:42,908 --> 00:27:45,892
Deafblind people
often experience stress.

296
00:27:47,314 --> 00:27:51,759
There is stress when the communication
happens laboriously.

297
00:27:55,759 --> 00:28:01,759
When the deafblind person
is not involved in the situation.

298
00:28:02,595 --> 00:28:05,759
When he is there just for the ride.

299
00:28:09,095 --> 00:28:12,455
When people don't give information,

300
00:28:13,392 --> 00:28:16,517
then it is frustrating.

301
00:28:20,642 --> 00:28:22,291
And a final issue.

302
00:28:24,642 --> 00:28:26,111
As for the impact.

303
00:28:28,795 --> 00:28:33,181
It is the sense of touch,
this really becomes important.

304
00:28:38,019 --> 00:28:41,840
Touching is for no other group

305
00:28:43,067 --> 00:28:47,254
so important as for deafblind people.

306
00:28:58,231 --> 00:29:02,555
Touching is necessary
for communication

307
00:29:02,856 --> 00:29:04,770
and for the assistance.

308
00:29:07,575 --> 00:29:11,837
By touching, people get a concrete form.

309
00:29:12,637 --> 00:29:17,925
Otherwise it remains abstract.

310
00:29:18,332 --> 00:29:23,262
People are abstract
when you don't see or hear them,

311
00:29:23,950 --> 00:29:26,770
and when you can't touch them.

312
00:29:28,832 --> 00:29:33,778
But if you can touch them,
then they get a face.

313
00:29:37,113 --> 00:29:40,970
You can also feel objects and products.

314
00:29:41,356 --> 00:29:47,036
Then the description becomes
much more concrete and clearer.

315
00:29:48,811 --> 00:29:49,811
We can stop.

316
00:29:52,366 --> 00:29:53,366
The summary.

317
00:29:55,521 --> 00:29:58,139
To sum up, we can use the words of Peter

318
00:29:58,447 --> 00:30:03,623
and say that, indeed, it is true that
deafblindness is more than just the sum

319
00:30:03,924 --> 00:30:06,202
of being deaf plus being blind.

320
00:30:07,678 --> 00:30:09,178
Professionals in the field,

321
00:30:09,479 --> 00:30:13,366
often say that the two disabilities
multiply each other.

322
00:30:14,295 --> 00:30:17,256
This applies not only to deafblindness,

323
00:30:17,557 --> 00:30:21,405
but also to any person
with more than one impairment.

324
00:30:22,608 --> 00:30:27,584
Deafblindness affects communication,
mobility and participation.

325
00:30:28,311 --> 00:30:30,076
It makes a person dependent

326
00:30:30,377 --> 00:30:34,186
and takes away the spontaneity
because planning becomes key.

327
00:30:35,249 --> 00:30:38,139
Access services made available
for persons

328
00:30:38,440 --> 00:30:40,186
with hearing loss or sight loss

329
00:30:40,600 --> 00:30:43,522
are not always sufficient
for deafblind people,

330
00:30:43,897 --> 00:30:49,647
who instead require specific solutions,
such as tactile sign language.

331
00:30:50,163 --> 00:30:54,491
Then, we have learned
how diverse deafblind people are.

332
00:30:55,021 --> 00:31:01,021
In fact, very few deafblind people are
completely deaf and completely blind.

333
00:31:02,069 --> 00:31:06,561
We have also learned that deafblindness
is an impactful impairment,

334
00:31:06,862 --> 00:31:10,772
that requires a strong adaptability
from the deafblind person

335
00:31:11,139 --> 00:31:13,049
and often requires assistance

336
00:31:13,350 --> 00:31:16,405
in order to participate
in daily activities.

337
00:31:17,381 --> 00:31:18,334
Because of that,

338
00:31:18,670 --> 00:31:23,209
familiarity and information
are key factors and provide comfort.

339
00:31:24,053 --> 00:31:26,014
Providing additional information,

340
00:31:26,315 --> 00:31:29,272
for example what is happening
during a conversation,

341
00:31:29,592 --> 00:31:31,186
what a room looks like,

342
00:31:31,663 --> 00:31:34,647
where is a drink positioned on a desk,

343
00:31:34,948 --> 00:31:36,045
can really help.

344
00:31:37,217 --> 00:31:39,631
Also planning is really important:

345
00:31:40,288 --> 00:31:43,397
since deafblindness
is an impactful impairment

346
00:31:43,698 --> 00:31:46,428
in terms of time and energy.

347
00:31:47,131 --> 00:31:50,842
Lastly, Peter mentions
the emotional stress

348
00:31:51,143 --> 00:31:56,483
that the person experiences
and the questions that arise such as,

349
00:31:56,784 --> 00:31:58,374
can I live independently?

350
00:31:58,733 --> 00:32:00,053
Can I talk to people?

351
00:32:00,475 --> 00:32:01,936
Will I find a partner?

352
00:32:02,897 --> 00:32:05,030
How can I be useful to society?

353
00:32:06,311 --> 00:32:07,467
Exercises.

354
00:32:07,967 --> 00:32:12,311
The exercises for this video lecture are
in the Trainer’s Guide

355
00:32:12,612 --> 00:32:15,045
and the PowerPoint file of part 2.

356
00:32:15,420 --> 00:32:21,420
[LTA outro music]

357
00:32:26,131 --> 00:32:28,420
LTA - LiveTextAccess.

358
00:32:29,186 --> 00:32:31,764
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.

359
00:32:32,795 --> 00:32:35,920
SDI - Internationale Hochschule.

360
00:32:37,030 --> 00:32:40,545
Scuola Superiore
per Mediatori Linguistici.

361
00:32:41,741 --> 00:32:43,397
2DFDigital.

362
00:32:44,483 --> 00:32:47,749
The European Federation
of Hard of Hearing People - EFHOH.

363
00:32:48,897 --> 00:32:49,897
VELOTYPE.

364
00:32:50,819 --> 00:32:52,155
SUB-TI ACCESS.

365
00:32:53,327 --> 00:32:58,280
European Certification
and Qualification Association - ECQA.

366
00:33:01,741 --> 00:33:05,717
Co-funded by the Erasmus+ Programme
of the European Union.

367
00:33:07,592 --> 00:33:09,155
Erasmus+ Project:

368
00:33:09,811 --> 00:33:21,600
2018-1-DE01-KA203-004218.

369
00:33:22,905 --> 00:33:26,303
The information and views
set on this presentation

370
00:33:26,631 --> 00:33:28,327
are those of the authors

371
00:33:28,628 --> 00:33:30,748
and do not necessarily reflect

372
00:33:31,049 --> 00:33:33,819
the official opinion
of the European Union.

373
00:33:34,881 --> 00:33:38,522
Neither the European Union
institutions and bodies

374
00:33:39,038 --> 00:33:41,709
nor any person acting on their behalf

375
00:33:42,295 --> 00:33:44,881
may be held responsible for the use

376
00:33:45,342 --> 00:33:48,670
which may be made
of the information contained here.